Keyhole surgery

A keyhole surgery on a joint is called an arthroscopy. It is a minimally invasive procedure in which the surgeon examines the joint using a small camera.

During keyhole surgery, the surgeon makes two or three small incisions around the joint. A camera with a light and any necessary instruments, such as a hook or small cutting forceps, are inserted through these incisions. The surgeon views the inside of the joint on a screen.

To create more space in the joint and improve visibility, the joint is filled with fluid. This fluid also helps rinse out loose fragments more easily.

An arthroscopy allows the surgeon to assess the condition of the structures in and around the joint. If needed, minor procedures can be performed. For example, in the knee, the surgeon can examine the cruciate ligaments, meniscus, and cartilage. The joint can also be cleaned during the procedure.

Keyhole surgery can be performed under local anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, or general anesthesia. The advantages of arthroscopy include minimal scarring, faster recovery, and a lower risk of complications.

Sometimes, the surgeon may encounter issues that cannot be resolved through keyhole surgery. In such cases, a larger incision may be required, either immediately or at a later time. The keyhole procedure may then become an open surgery.

After the arthroscopy, the small incisions are stitched, and the patient is usually allowed to go home the same day. Patients are generally able to use the joint again quickly, and the small wounds often heal fast. However, the joint may remain swollen for some time. The speed of recovery depends on the joint's condition and the procedures performed.